f41f66ea93
git-svn-id: https://svn.code.sf.net/p/xcat/code/xcat-core/trunk@201 8638fb3e-16cb-4fca-ae20-7b5d299a9bcd
690 lines
20 KiB
Groff
690 lines
20 KiB
Groff
.TH xdsh 12/13/07
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xdsh Command
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.PP
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\fBPurpose
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\fR
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.PP
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\fBxdsh\fR - Concurrently runs commands on multiple nodes.
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.PP
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\fBSyntax
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\fR
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.PP
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\fBxdsh\fR \fB-h\fR
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.PP
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\fBxdsh\fR \fB-V\fR
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.PP
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\fBxdsh\fR \fB-q\fR
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.PP
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\fBxdsh\fR [[\fInode_list\fR]| [\fInodegroup\fR]]
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[\fB-B\fR \fIbypass\fR]
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[\fB-C\fR \fIcontext\fR] [\fB-e\fR]
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[\fB-E\fR \fIenvironment_file\fR] [\fB-f\fR\fIfanout\fR]
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[\fB-i\fR] [\fB-K\fR] [\fB-L\fR] [\fB-l\fR \fIuser_ID\fR]
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[\fB-m\fR] [\fB-o\fR \fInode_options\fR]
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[\fB-Q\fR] [\fB-r\fR \fInode_remote_shell\fR]
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[\fB-s\fR] [\fB-S\fR \fBcsh\fR | \fBksh\fR] [\fB-t\fR \fItimeout\fR]
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[\fB-T\fR] [\fB-v\fR] [\fB-X\fR \fIenv_list\fR] [\fB-z\fR]
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[\fIcommand_list\fR]
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.PP
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.PP
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\fBDescription
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\fR
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.PP
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The \fBxdsh\fR command runs commands concurrently on remote nodes.
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Targets can be selected from multiple contexts.
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A context is a target database that contains the node definition.
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The \fBxdsh\fR command issues a remote shell command for each
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target specified, and returns the output from all targets,
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formatted so that command results from all nodes
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can be managed. \fB/usr/bin/rsh\fR is the model for the syntax and
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security. The \fBxdsh\fR command is a xCAT Distributed Shell
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Utility.
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.PP
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\fBTARGET CONTEXT\fR:
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.PP
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The \fBxdsh\fR command target context is the database where the target or
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target group is defined. A default context can be configured using the
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\fB-C\fR \fIcontext\fR flag or the \fBDSH_CONTEXT\fR
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environment variable. If neither are specified, the default context is
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\fBXCAT\fR.
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.PP
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A context is enabled for use with a DSH Utilities command by installing a
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context extension file in the \fB/opt/xcat/xdsh/Context\fR
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directory. The target or target group context can be explicitly
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specified by qualifying a target name with a context name, or implicitly
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defined by specifying a default context for unqualified target names (See
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\fBTarget lists\fR).
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.PP
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\fBTARGET SPECIFICATION\fR:
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.PP
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A target is a node where a remote command will be
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executed. Node targets are specified inputting the
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\fInode_list\fR or \fInodegroups\fR, or the
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\fBDSH_NODE_LIST\fR environment variable.
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.PP
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If the local host is included as part of the targets, the
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\fIcommand_list\fR is executed directly on the local host and not through
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the configured remote shell, unless a \fIuser_ID\fR is specified for
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execution with the local host (see \fBRemote user\fR).
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.PP
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The \fBDSH_NODE_LIST\fR environment
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variable specify the file listing the target nodes. The file
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format is one target per line. Blank lines and comment lines beginning
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with \fB#\fR are ignored.
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.PP
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Node targets can also be specified using node
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ranges as supported by xCAT. If the same
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target is specified more than once, the remote command will only be executed
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once on the specified target.
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.PP
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\fBCOMMAND SPECIFICATION\fR:
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.PP
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The commands to execute on the remote targets are specified by the
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\fIcommand_list\fR \fBxdsh\fR parameter,
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or executing a local script using the \fB-e\fR
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flag.
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.PP
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The syntax for the \fIcommand_list\fR \fBxdsh\fR parameter is as
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follows:
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.sp
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.nf
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"\fIcommand\fR[; \fIcommand\fR]..."\
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.fi
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.sp
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.PP
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where \fIcommand\fR is the command to run on the remote
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target. Quotation marks are required to ensure that all commands in the
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list are executed remotely, and that any special characters are interpreted
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correctly on the remote target. A script file on the local host can be
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executed on each of the remote targets by using the \fB-e\fR
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flag. If \fB-e\fR is specified, \fIcommand_list\fR is the
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script name and arguments to the script. For example:
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.sp
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.nf
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xdsh hostname -e [\fIflags\fR] \fIscript_filename\fR [\fIarguments\fR]...
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.fi
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.sp
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.PP
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The \fIscript_filename\fR file is copied to a random filename in the
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\fB/tmp\fR directory on each remote target and then executed on the
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targets.
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.PP
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The \fBxdsh\fR command does not work with any interactive commands,
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including those that read from standard input.
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.PP
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\fBREMOTE USER\fR:
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.PP
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The \fIuser_ID\fR to use for a remote target can be specified
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using the \fB-l\fR (lowercase L) flag.
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.PP
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\fBREMOTE SHELL COMMAND\fR:
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.PP
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The \fBxdsh\fR command uses a configurable remote shell command to
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execute remote commands on the remote targets. Support is explicitly
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provided for AIX Remote Shell and OpenSSH, but any secure remote command that
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conforms to the IETF (Internet Engineering Task Force) Secure Remote Command
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Protocol can be used.
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.PP
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The remote shell is determined as follows, in order of
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precedence:
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.RS +3
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.HP 3
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1. The \fB-r\fR flag.
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.HP 3
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2. The \fBDSH_NODE_RSH\fR environment variable.
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.HP 3
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3. The default node remote shell as defined by the target
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\fIcontext\fR.
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.HP 3
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4. The \fB/usr/bin/rsh\fR command.
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.RE
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.PP
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The remote shell options are determined as follows, in
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order of precedence:
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.RS +3
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.HP 3
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1. The \fB-o\fR flag.
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.HP 3
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2. The \fBDSH_NODE_OPTS\fR environment variable.
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.RE
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.PP
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\fBREMOTE SHELL ENVIRONMENT\fR:
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.PP
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The shell environment used on the remote target defaults to the shell
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defined for the \fIuser_ID\fR used for remote command execution.
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The command syntax used for remote command execution can be specified using
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the \fB-S\fR flag. If \fB-S\fR is not specified, the
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syntax defaults to \fBksh\fR syntax.
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.PP
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When commands are executed on the remote target, the path used is
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determined by the \fBDSH_PATH\fR environment variable defined in the shell
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of the current user. If \fBDSH_PATH\fR is not set, the path used is
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the remote shell default path. For example, to set the local path for
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the remote targets, use:
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.sp
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.nf
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DSH_PATH=$PATH
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.fi
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.sp
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.PP
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The \fB-E\fR flag exports a local environment definition file to
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each remote target. Environment variables specified in this file are
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defined in the remote shell environment before the \fIcommand_list\fR is
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executed.
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.PP
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\fBCOMMAND EXECUTION\fR:
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.PP
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The maximum number of concurrent remote shell command processes (the
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fanout) can be specified with the \fB-f\fR flag or with the
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\fBDSH_FANOUT\fR environment variable. The fanout is only restricted by the number of remote shell commands
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that can be run in parallel. You can experiment with the
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\fBDSH_FANOUT\fR value on your management server to see if higher values
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are appropriate.
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.PP
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A timeout value for remote command execution can be specified with the
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\fB-t\fR flag or with the \fBDSH_TIMEOUT\fR environment
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variable. If any remote target does not provide output to either
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standard output or standard error within the timeout value, \fBxdsh\fR
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displays an error message and exits.
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.PP
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If streaming mode is specified with the \fB-s\fR flag, output is
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returned as it becomes available from each target, instead of waiting for the
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\fIcommand_list\fR to complete on all targets before returning
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output. This can improve performance but causes the output to be
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unsorted.
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.PP
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The \fB-z\fR flag displays the exit code from the last command
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issued on the remote node in \fIcommand_list\fR. Note that OpenSSH
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behaves differently; it returns the exit status of the last remote
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command issued as its exit status. This affects the behavior of
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\fBxdsh\fR and may require using the \fB-c\fR flag. If the
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command issued on the remote node is run in the background, the exit status is
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not displayed.
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.PP
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The \fB-m\fR flag monitors execution of the \fBxdsh\fR command
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by printing status messages to standard output. Each status message is
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preceded by \fBdsh>\fR.
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.PP
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The \fB-T\fR flag provides diagnostic trace information for the
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execution of the \fBxdsh\fR command. Default settings and the actual
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remote shell commands executed on the remote targets are displayed.
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.PP
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No error detection or recovery mechanism is provided for remote
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targets. The \fBxdsh\fR command output to standard error and standard
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output can be analyzed to determine the appropriate course of action.
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In interactive mode, if a command cannot be executed on a remote target (for
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example, a remote shell command resulting in a non-zero return code),
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subsequent commands are not sent to this node on this invocation of the
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\fBxdsh\fR command unless the \fB-c\fR flag is specified.
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.PP
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\fBCOMMAND OUTPUT\fR:
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.PP
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The \fBxdsh\fR command waits until complete output is available from each
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remote shell process and then displays that output before initiating new
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remote shell processes. This default behavior is overridden by the
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\fB-s\fR flag.
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.PP
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The \fBxdsh\fR command output consists of standard error and standard
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output from the remote commands. The \fBxdsh\fR standard output is
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the standard output from the remote shell command. The \fBxdsh\fR
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standard error is the standard error from the remote shell command.
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Each line is prefixed with the host name of the node that produced the
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output. The host name is followed by the \fB:\fR character and
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a command output line. A filter for displaying identical outputs
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grouped by node is provided separately. See the \fBxdshbak\fR command
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for more information.
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.PP
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A command can be run silently using the \fB-Q\fR flag; no
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output from each target's standard output or standard error is
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displayed.
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.PP
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\fBSIGNALS\fR:
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.PP
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Signal 2 (INT), Signal 3 (QUIT), and Signal 15 (TERM) are propagated to the
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commands executing on the remote targets.
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.PP
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Signal 19 (CONT), Signal 17 (STOP), and Signal 18 (TSTP) default to
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\fBxdsh\fR; the \fBxdsh\fR command responds normally to these
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signals, but the signals do not have an effect on remotely executing
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commands. Other signals are caught by \fBxdsh\fR and have their
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default effects on the \fBxdsh\fR command; all current child processes,
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through propagation to remotely running commands, are terminated
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(SIGTERM).
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.PP
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.PP
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\fBParameters
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\fR
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.RS +3
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\fB\fIcommand_list\fR
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\fR
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.RE
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.RS +9
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Specifies a list of commands to execute on the remote targets. The
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syntax for the \fIcommand_list\fR parameter is as follows:
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.sp
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.nf
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"\fIcommand\fR[; \fIcommand\fR..."
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.fi
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.sp
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.RE
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.PP
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.RE
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.RS +3
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\fInode_list\fR
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\fR
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.RE
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.RS +9
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Specifies a list of node targets to include in the target list.
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.sp
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.RE
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.RS +3
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\fInodegroups\fR
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.RS +9
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Includes in the target list all nodes defined in the node groups specified
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in the \fInodegroups\fR list.
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\fR
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.RE
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\fBFlags
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\fR
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.RS +3
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\fB-C | --context \fIcontext\fR
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\fR
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.RE
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.RS +9
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The default context to use when resolving target names. The
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\fIcontext\fR value must correspond to a valid context extension module
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in the \fB/opt/xcat/xdsh/Context\fR directory. For example, the
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\fB/opt/xcat/xdsh/Context/DSH.pm\fR file is the module for the
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\fBDSH\fR context.
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.RE
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.RS +3
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\fB-e | --execute
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\fR
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.RE
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.RS +9
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Indicates that \fIcommand_list\fR specifies a local script filename
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and arguments to be executed on the remote targets. The script file is
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copied to the remote targets and then remotely executed with the given
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arguments. The \fBDSH_NODE_RCP\fR
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environment variables specify the remote copy command to use to copy the
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script file to node targets.
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.RE
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.RS +3
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\fB-E | --environment \fIenvironment_file\fR
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\fR
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.RE
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.RS +9
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Specifies that the \fIenvironment_file\fR contains environment
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variable definitions to export to the target before executing the
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\fIcommand_list\fR. The \fBDSH_NODE_RCP\fR and
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environment variables specify the remote copy command
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to use to export the file to node targets.
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.RE
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.RS +3
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\fB-f | --fanout \fIfanout_value\fR
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\fR
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.RE
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.RS +9
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Specifies a fanout value for the maximum number of concurrently executing
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remote shell processes. Serial execution can be specified by indicating
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a fanout value of \fB1\fR. If \fB-f\fR is not specified, a
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default fanout value of \fB64\fR is used.
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.RE
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.RS +3
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\fB-h | --help
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\fR
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.RE
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.RS +9
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Displays usage information.
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.RE
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.RS +3
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\fB-K | --ssh-setup
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\fR
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.RE
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.RS +9
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Request to setup SSH for the input node list.
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.RE
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.RS +3
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\fB-l | --user \fIuser_ID\fR
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\fR
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.RE
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.RS +9
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Specifies a remote user name to use for remote command execution.
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.RE
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.RS +3
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\fB-L | --no-locale
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\fR
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.RE
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.RS +9
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Specifies to not export the locale definitions of the local host to the
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remote targets. Local host locale definitions are exported by default
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to each remote target.
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.RE
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.RS +3
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\fB-m | --monitor
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\fR
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.RE
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.RS +9
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Monitors remote shell execution by displaying status messages during
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execution on each target.
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.RE
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.RS +3
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\fB-o | --node-options \fInode_options\fR
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\fR
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.RE
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.RS +9
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Specifies options to pass to the remote shell command for node
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targets. The options must be specified within double quotation marks
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("") to distinguish them from \fBxdsh\fR options.
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The syntax for \fInode_options\fR
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.RE
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.RS +3
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\fB-q | --show-config
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\fR
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.RE
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.RS +9
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Displays the current environment settings for all DSH Utilities
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commands. This includes the values of all environment variables and
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settings for all currently installed and valid contexts. Each setting
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is prefixed with \fIcontext\fR: to identify the source context of
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the setting.
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.RE
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.RS +3
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\fB-Q | --silent
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\fR
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.RE
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.RS +9
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Specifies silent mode. No target output is written to standard
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output or standard error. Monitoring messages are written to standard
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output.
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.RE
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.RS +3
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\fB-r | --node-rsh \fInode_remote_shell\fR
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\fR
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.RE
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.RS +9
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Specifies the full path of the remote shell command used for remote
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command execution on node targets.
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.sp
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.nf
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[\fIcontext\fR:]\fIpath\fR[,[\fIcontext\fR:]\fIpath\fR]...
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.fi
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.sp
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.RE
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.RS +3
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\fB-s | --stream
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\fR
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.RE
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.RS +9
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Specifies that output is returned as it becomes available from each
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target, instead of waiting for the \fIcommand_list\fR to be completed on
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a target before returning output.
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.RE
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.RS +3
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\fB-S | --syntax csh | ksh
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\fR
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.RE
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.RS +9
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Specifies the shell syntax to be used on the remote target. If not
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specified, the \fBksh\fR syntax is used.
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.RE
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.RS +3
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\fB-t | --timeout \fItimeout\fR
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\fR
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.RE
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.RS +9
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Specifies the time, in seconds, to wait for output from any currently
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executing remote targets. If no output is available from any target in
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the specified \fItimeout\fR, \fBxdsh\fR displays an error and
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terminates execution for the remote targets that failed to respond. If
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\fItimeout\fR is not specified, \fBxdsh\fR waits indefinitely to
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continue processing output from all remote targets. When specified with
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the \fB-i\fR flag, the user is prompted for an additional timeout
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interval to wait for output.
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.RE
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.RS +3
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\fB-T | --trace
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\fR
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.RE
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.RS +9
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Enables trace mode. The \fBxdsh\fR command prints diagnostic
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messages to standard output during execution to each target.
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.RE
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.RS +3
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\fB-v | --verify
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\fR
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.RE
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.RS +9
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Verifies each target before executing any remote commands on the
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target. If a target is not responding, execution of remote commands for
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the target is canceled. When specified with the \fB-i\fR flag,
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the user is prompted to retry the verification request.
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.RE
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.RS +3
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\fB-V | --version
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\fR
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.RE
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.RS +9
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Displays \fBxdsh\fR command version information.
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.RE
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.RS +3
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\fB-X \fIenv_list\fR
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\fR
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.RE
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.RS +9
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Ignore \fBxdsh\fR environment variables. This option can take an argument which is a comma separated list of environment variable names that should \fBNOT\fR be ignored. If there is no argument to this option, or the argument is an empty string, all \fBxdsh\fR environment variables will be ignored.
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.RE
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.RS +3
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\fB-z | --exit-status
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|
\fR
|
|
.RE
|
|
.RS +9
|
|
Displays the exit status for the last remotely executed non-asynchronous
|
|
command on each target. If the command issued on the remote node is run
|
|
in the background, the exit status is not displayed.
|
|
.RE
|
|
.PP
|
|
.PP
|
|
\fBExit Status
|
|
\fR
|
|
.PP
|
|
Exit values for each remote shell execution are displayed in messages from
|
|
the \fBxdsh\fR command, if the remote shell exit values are non-zero.
|
|
A non-zero return code from a remote shell indicates that an error was
|
|
encountered in the remote shell. This return code is unrelated to the
|
|
exit code of the remotely issued command. If a remote shell encounters
|
|
an error, execution of the remote command on that target is bypassed.
|
|
.PP
|
|
The \fBxdsh\fR command exit code is \fB0\fR if the command executed
|
|
without errors and all remote shell commands finished with exit codes of
|
|
\fB0\fR. If internal \fBxdsh\fR errors occur or the remote shell
|
|
commands do not complete successfully, the \fBxdsh\fR command exit value is
|
|
greater than \fB0\fR. The exit value is increased by \fB1\fR for
|
|
each successive instance of an unsuccessful remote command execution.
|
|
If the remotely issued command is run in the background, the exit code of the
|
|
remotely issued command is \fB0\fR.
|
|
.PP
|
|
.PP
|
|
\fBEnvironment Variables
|
|
\fR
|
|
.RS +3
|
|
\fBDSH_CONTEXT
|
|
\fR
|
|
.RE
|
|
.RS +9
|
|
Specifies the default context to use when resolving targets. This
|
|
variable is overridden by the \fB-C\fR flag.
|
|
.RE
|
|
.RS +3
|
|
\fBDSH_ENVIRONMENT
|
|
\fR
|
|
.RE
|
|
.RS +9
|
|
Specifies a file that contains environment variable definitions to export
|
|
to the target before executing the remote command. This variable is
|
|
overridden by the \fB-E\fR flag.
|
|
.RE
|
|
.RS +3
|
|
\fBDSH_FANOUT
|
|
\fR
|
|
.RE
|
|
.RS +9
|
|
Specifies the fanout value. This variable is overridden by the
|
|
\fB-f\fR flag.
|
|
.RE
|
|
.RS +3
|
|
\fBDSH_NODE_LIST
|
|
\fR
|
|
.RE
|
|
.RS +9
|
|
Specifies a file containing a list of node targets.
|
|
.RE
|
|
.RS +3
|
|
\fBDSH_NODE_OPTS
|
|
\fR
|
|
.RE
|
|
.RS +9
|
|
Specifies the options to use for the remote shell command with node
|
|
targets only. This variable is overridden by the \fB-o\fR
|
|
flag.
|
|
.RE
|
|
.RS +3
|
|
\fBDSH_NODE_RCP
|
|
\fR
|
|
.RE
|
|
.RS +9
|
|
Specifies the full path of the remote copy command to use to copy local
|
|
scripts and local environment configuration files to node targets.
|
|
.RE
|
|
.RS +3
|
|
\fBDSH_NODE_RSH
|
|
\fR
|
|
.RE
|
|
.RS +9
|
|
Specifies the full path of the remote shell to use for remote command
|
|
execution on node targets. This variable is overridden by the
|
|
\fB-r\fR flag.
|
|
.RE
|
|
.RS +3
|
|
\fBDSH_NODEGROUP_PATH
|
|
\fR
|
|
.RE
|
|
.RS +9
|
|
Specifies a colon-separated list of directories that contain node group
|
|
files for the \fBDSH\fR context. When the \fB-a\fR flag is
|
|
specified in the \fBDSH\fR context, a list of unique node names is
|
|
collected from all node group files in the path.
|
|
.RE
|
|
.RS +3
|
|
\fBDSH_PATH
|
|
\fR
|
|
.RE
|
|
.RS +9
|
|
Sets the command path to use on the targets. If \fBDSH_PATH\fR
|
|
is not set, the default path defined in the profile of the remote
|
|
\fIuser_ID\fR is used.
|
|
.RE
|
|
.RS +3
|
|
\fBDSH_SYNTAX
|
|
\fR
|
|
.RE
|
|
.RS +9
|
|
Specifies the shell syntax to use on remote targets; \fBksh\fR or
|
|
\fBcsh\fR. If not specified, the \fBksh\fR syntax is
|
|
assumed. This variable is overridden by the \fB-S\fR
|
|
flag.
|
|
.RE
|
|
.RS +3
|
|
\fBDSH_TIMEOUT
|
|
\fR
|
|
.RE
|
|
.RS +9
|
|
Specifies the time, in seconds, to wait for output from each remote
|
|
target. This variable is overridden by the \fB-t\fR
|
|
flag.
|
|
.RE
|
|
.PP
|
|
.PP
|
|
\fBSecurity
|
|
\fR
|
|
.PP
|
|
The \fBxdsh\fR command has no security configuration requirements.
|
|
All remote command security requirements - configuration,
|
|
authentication, and authorization - are imposed by the underlying remote
|
|
command configured for \fBxdsh\fR. The command assumes that
|
|
authentication and authorization is configured between the local host and the
|
|
remote targets. Interactive password prompting is not supported;
|
|
an error is displayed and execution is bypassed for a remote target if
|
|
password prompting occurs, or if either authorization or authentication to the
|
|
remote target fails. Security configurations as they pertain to the
|
|
remote environment and remote shell command are user-defined.
|
|
.PP
|
|
.PP
|
|
\fBExamples
|
|
\fR
|
|
.PP
|
|
.RS +3
|
|
.HP 3
|
|
1. To run the \fBps\fR command on node targets \fBnode1\fR and
|
|
\fBnode2\fR, enter:
|
|
.sp
|
|
.nf
|
|
xdsh node1,node2 "ps"
|
|
.fi
|
|
.sp
|
|
.HP 3
|
|
2. To run the \fBps\fR command on each node target listed in the
|
|
\fBmyhosts\fR file, enter:
|
|
.sp
|
|
.nf
|
|
DSH_NODE_LIST=./myhosts; xdsh ps
|
|
.fi
|
|
.sp
|
|
.HP 3
|
|
3. To execute the commands contained in \fBmyfile\fR in the XCAT
|
|
\fBcontext\fR on several node targets,
|
|
with a fanout of \fB1\fR,
|
|
enter:
|
|
.sp
|
|
.nf
|
|
xdsh node1,node2 -C XCAT -f 1 -e myfile
|
|
.fi
|
|
.sp
|
|
.HP 3
|
|
4. To run the ps command on node1 and ignore all the dsh environment
|
|
variable except the DSH_NODE_OPTS, enter:
|
|
.sp
|
|
.nf
|
|
xdsh node1 -X 'DSH_NODE_OPTS' ps
|
|
.fi
|
|
.sp
|
|
.RE
|
|
.PP
|
|
\fBImplementation Specifics
|
|
\fR
|
|
.PP
|
|
\fBFiles
|
|
\fR
|
|
.RS +3
|
|
\fB/opt/xcat/xdsh/Context/
|
|
\fR
|
|
.RE
|
|
.RS +9
|
|
Location of the contexts available to use with DSH Utilities.
|
|
.RE
|
|
.RS +3
|
|
\fB\fB/opt/xcat/bin/xdshbak\fR
|
|
\fR
|
|
.RE
|
|
.RS +9
|
|
Location of the command that is supplied as the back-end formatting
|
|
filter.
|
|
.RE
|
|
.PP
|
|
\fBLocation
|
|
\fR
|
|
.PP
|
|
\fB/opt/xcat/bin/xdsh\fR
|
|
.PP
|
|
.RE
|